ABSTRACT: 

Digital twins and Building Information Modeling (BIM) are transformative technologies reshaping the smart management of public buildings post-occupancy. A virtual representation of a physical asset that utilizes real-time data to monitor performance, while BIM involves the generation and management of digital models throughout a building's lifecycle. The integration of these technologies allows for enhanced operational efficiency, predictive maintenance, and improved decision-making, ultimately driving sustainability initiatives and tenant satisfaction in public infrastructure. The emergence of digital twins, rooted in advancements such as the Internet of Things (IoT), artificial intelligence (AI), and big data analytics, marks a significant evolution in building management. This shift, which began in the early 2000s, enables the continuous updating of digital models based on live data, bridging the gap between physical structures and their digital counterparts. Research initiatives have highlighted the potential of these technologies to create predictive models that enhance operational strategies and support comprehensive building performance analysis. The synergy between digital twins and BIM offers significant benefits for the management of public buildings, paving the way for smarter, more efficient environments. However, overcoming the existing challenges is crucial for realizing the full potential of these innovations in enhancing facility management, energy efficiency, and occupant safety.

Keywords: BIM, Digital twins, public buildings, Intelligent management.

ABSTRACT: 

This research paper investigates the logical structure of academic writing in clinical healthcare, emphasizing its essential components and contributions to effective communication within the field. A qualitative methodology was employed, incorporating comprehensive literature reviews and expert interviews to analyze current practices. The study reveals significant findings regarding the coherence and organization of various sections of research papers, particularly focusing on the integration of methodologies, results, and discussions to enhance clarity and reader engagement. Implications suggest that reinforcing logical structures in academic writing can elevate the quality of submissions in clinical healthcare journals, thereby fostering greater understanding and collaboration among researchers. Future directions are proposed to refine these structures further and explore technological interventions in academic writing processes.  Autonomous systems (e.g., self-driving cars, robotic swarms, and smart grids) face critical challenges in dynamic environments, including complex multi-agent coordination, real-time adaptability, and the lack of transparency in AI-driven decisions. This research proposes a novel framework integrating Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) with Explainable Reinforcement Learning (XRL) to address these gaps. By combining collaborative decision-making algorithms with automated interpretability mechanisms, the framework aims to enhance both the performance and trustworthiness of autonomous systems. The study will validate the approach through simulations in traffic management and energy distribution scenarios, with metrics focusing on efficiency, safety, and human-AI interpretability.

Keywords:  clinical healthcare, academic writing, structure, qualitative research, communication.

ABSTRACT: 

Solar dryers are a sustainable and effective solution for drying agricultural and industrial products in an environmentally friendly manner. Among these types, indirect solar dryers have gained significant attention due to their numerous advantages, such as improving the quality of the dried product and reducing nutrient loss. In this paper, we review the operating principles of indirect solar dryers, their various designs, advantages, and practical applications. Indirect solar dryers are drying systems that rely on solar energy but indirectly. The air is heated using a solar collector before being directed into the drying chamber. Unlike direct solar dryers, where the products are directly exposed to sunlight, this type protects the products from undesirable environmental influences such as ultraviolet radiation and dust. Indirect solar dryers are used in many applications, such as: Drying agricultural crops, such as fruits, vegetables, and grains, which contributes to reducing waste and improving shelf life. Drying herbal and medicinal products, to preserve essential oils and active compounds. Industrial applications, such as drying wood, fabrics, and various food industries. Indirect solar dryers constitute a sustainable and effective solution for drying processes, helping to maintain product quality and reduce energy consumption. Despite some associated challenges, recent developments in design and materials can enhance their efficiency and expand their scope of use in the future. Present study findings indicate that solar dryer efficiency depends on The amount of solar radiation and The time-course rate of solar radiation and The type of dryer and The efficiency of the insulating materials and A study of the properties of the drying air.

Keywords:  Indirect Dryers, Solar Dryers, Solar Energy

ABSTRACT: 

This paper explores the modern trends in the development and application of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), commonly known as drones, with a focus on three major areas: lightweight materials, alternative fuel sources, and future space missions. Recent advancements in composite materials have significantly improved drone performance by reducing weight while maintaining structural strength, allowing for greater speed and range. At the same time, the shift toward clean energy such as solar power, lithium-ion batteries, and hydrogen fuel cells—is making drones more sustainable and efficient. Looking ahead, drones are expected to play a role in space missions for both research and military purposes, though such expansion raises important technical and ethical concerns. This study highlights how innovations in materials science, energy technology, and strategic vision are shaping the future of drone capabilities across military, civilian, and extraterrestrial domains.

Keywords:   Drones ,  Modern Trends.